14 Advanced Python Features Every Developer Should Master: Type Systems to Metaclasses

14 Advanced Python Features Every Developer Should Know: From Type Systems to Metaclass Mastery As one of the world’s most popular programming languages, Python continues to surprise developers with its depth beneath the surface simplicity. Having written Python for 12+ years, I’ve curated 14 powerful features that truly separate Python pros from casual users. Let’s dive into type system wizardry, concurrency patterns, and metaclass magic that will elevate your Python game. 1. Advanced Type System Techniques 1.1 Type Overloading with @overload Python’s type hints become supercharged with the @overload decorator. Create multiple function signatures for precise type checking: from typing import Literal, overload@overloaddef process(data: str, mode: Literal[“split”]) -> list[str]: …@overloaddef process(data: str, mode: Literal[“upper”]) -> str: …def process(data: str, mode: Literal[“split”, “upper”]) -> list[str] | str:    return data.split() if mode == “split” else data.upper() Key …